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  The North South Debate 1'st Installment  
 

On the eve of the new millennium I was watching each country welcome the arrival of the New Year of 2000 on CNN. It was a global event that stretched for hours as countries were from different longitudes but it united the people of the world.

Just as countless people watched the fantastic displays of fireworks in the night sky, the ancient Chinese watched the sky for different reasons. They believed the sun and the moon reside in the 28 palaces. They calculated the cycle of the moon takes 27.32 days. According to them, the sky was divided into 28 segments, each one representing a day of the moon’s path through the sky. The Jupiter Cycle enumerating the 12 year-cycle of Zi, Chou, Yin, Mao, Chen, Si, Wu, Wei, Shen, You, Hai is in fact the journey of Jupiter taking 11.86 years to complete its circuit.

The Cyclic Measurement of Time

The Ancients predicted with accuracy the rotation of the Northern Ladle.The origins of Xuan Kong Feng Shui can be traced back to this.The five planets were seen as “stars” and studied closely. Saturn is the Earth Star taking 29.46 years to complete an orbit around the sun.

Planet:
Jupiter
Mars
Saturn
Venus
Mercury
Element:
Wood
Fire
Earth
Metal
Water

By describing Wood Fire Earth Metal Water, Chinese metaphysics also mean Jupiter Mars Saturn Venus and Mercury. The Wood Star (Jupiter) features greatly in Chinese metaphysics. Theories like the Tai Sui /Grand Duke and the 3 Killings are derived from understanding the influence of Sui Xing/ Jupiter. Every Chinese household will buy a Tong Shu to get this annual information.

It will take approximately 20 years for Saturn to align with Jupiter, marking the beginning of a new period. In Xuan Kong Feng Shui application, we concern ourselves with the time cycle. The next big shift of energy occurring in 2004 is making practitioners prepare for the 8th period change. Every 60 years the alignment of Jupiter and Saturn takes place marking the beginning of another cycle of time. The planets aligning in a straight line once every 179 - 180 years (Jupiter Effect) is a remarkable event having a great impact on life on earth. These scholars observed the first alignment of the planets in our solar system 2500 years BC. 2043 (9th period) will end the 180 years big cycle. Ancient times recorded it as the alignment of the Wood Star and the Earth Star. Even before the arrival of technology, the Chinese were able to determine the cyclical measurement of time. They were able to observe the earth orbit around the sun calling it the Yellow Road. Observing and marking its positions at certain moments in time was how they defined the start of a new year, rather than the observations of seasons.

Feng Shui has been around for more than 3500 years. Feng Shui is founded on key principles derived from a sound understanding of the I-Ching. The classical schools of San He and San Yuan include time dimension in their analysis.

An emphasis on classical feng shui in the wake of its renaissance

There has never been such an emphasis on the distinction of being classical as now. Masters and fellow featured speakers have given us such great insights into the subject. When its renaissance occurred a few years ago, many bandwagons laden with books on non-traditional forms appeared. Many new age books contradict traditional Feng Shui teachings. Traditional Feng Shui methods involve much calculations, observations and formulas, basing theories on sound principles and methods derived from ancient literature and classics.

There was even a claim that Feng Shui for the Northern hemisphere is not applicable south of the equator. The oneness of the universe is seen in one heaven, one earth, one sun, one moon, one magnetic field and one time dimension. This call for dismembering the spheres in Feng Shui is absurd.

The altered Ba Gua

In the early seventies the authors, Sherrill and Chu suggested that there should be a difference in assessing Qi for both hemispheres. As authors they had an academic interest in Chinese metaphysics but they were not practitioners. Their rationale was that the Chinese had not been aware of the Southern hemisphere, but they should have understood that the Chinese had discovered the earth magnetic field and invented the magnetic compass.

Their concept was later adopted and expanded by Australian teacher Roger Green who studied this supposed difference and came up with a sophisticated program, including:

•
Altering the Ba Gua to match climatic and seasonal differences in the Southern hemisphere.
•
Adjusting the “Chinese solar year” to start on 6 or 7 August of any year for the Southern hemispere, rather than 4 or 5 February as traditionally practised in both hemispheres.
•
Adjusting the cycle of 60 Heavenly Stems and Earthly Branches for the Southern hemisphere so that there may be a difference of five years between a Rat year on both hemispheres.

He laid more stress on the energies as shown in the Ba Gua, rather than the earth magnetic field: “It  represents the eight primordial trigrams, arranged as a mandala to map the energetic qualities of the seasons, colours, directions, life situations and many other associations”.

There are two circular arrangements of the traditional Ba Gua:
1) Xian Tian Pa Kua or Early Heaven Ba Gua as arranged by Fu Xi.
2) Hou Tian Pa Kua or Later Heaven Ba Gua as arranged by King Wen.

In the Early Heaven Ba Gua, Qian Heaven is associated with south and Kun Earth with the north. In Later Heaven Ba Gua, the south is Li Fire and the north is Kan Water. Against tradition, the “Southern” school places Li in the magnetic north and Kan in the south.

Lindy Baxter, another exponent, based her ideas on the wrong hypothesis. Where ancient Chinese knew about magnetic and geographic north and south, Ms Baxter wrongly assumes: “The bagua symbolizes conditions valid only in the north. People must have the receptiveness to modify when and where conditions vary. The bagua shows the progression of the seasons and the directions”.

The Ba Gua is not based on the progression of the seasons. In Chinese Ba Gua, Ba means “eight”. The Ba Gua is generated from Tai Chi, “the supreme ultimate”. From nothingness emerges two primary energies, the yin and the yang. From the Duality of yin and yang comes 4 Images: Old Yang, Young Yin, Young Yang, Old Yin. The 4 Images signify the order of the universe (4 seasons, 4 cardinal directions, 4 stages of life) The 8 Trigrams are thus generated from further interactions of these yin and yang energy resulting in symbols for Heaven Lake Fire Thunder Wind Water Mountain Earth.
Diagram 1

This “flip flopping” of the Ba Gua has stirred the traditionalists enough to ask for an end to this debate.

People in Singapore, Malaysia, Hong Kong & Taiwan had upheld the Chinese system practised as a tradition in China. People living at the Equator are never physically aware such a line exists. The equator exists only as a “human construct” a demarcation between the two hemispheres. With the emigration of overseas Chinese, Feng Shui was brought to different continents. The Ba Gua has remained unchanged just as the Feng Shui compass has remained constant.

The traditionalists dismiss the difference between hemispheres.
Another group of practitioners defends the difference.
Recently, the controversial school gives the option of using the traditional Ba Gua or the reversed Ba Gua. The eternal question is “to flip or not to flip”. Not flipping means the Ba Gua is not adjusted to suit their hemisphere. With one System one Ba Gua then “to flip is to flop”.

Confusing choice.
I think it is time to call for an end to confusing new comers wanting to experience Feng Shui.
Messy Qi is Confused Qi. If Feng Shui confuses it is not Feng Shui.

Untapped knowledge

Authentic practice has not been fully tapped into by new age schools as well as by practitioners reversing the Ba Gua. Many are not exposed to a whole new dimension of authentic Feng Shui that they did not know existed outside the current books on the subject. It is easy to understand that it is hard to venture deep into the applications of the art when closely guarded secrets were not readily available at that time. All this has changed. “Secrets” have been revealed and disseminated. Hence anything as controversial as reversing the Ba Gua creates disharmony. This is not acceptable. Authentic Feng Shui should prevail.

The traditional practitioners hope that a time will come when Feng Shui is not looked upon as a superstition or a popular quick fix. It is their wish to end this controversy. The teachings of traditional principles and concepts, which have stood the test of time, will be the order of the day. Charlatans will have to shape up and step up their knowledge or be shipped out by their knowledgeable clients.

Call for an end to confusion

Southern Hemisphere practitioners deliberately switch directions. As recent as November 2001 I was amused by the answer Grandmaster Yap gave to a seminar participant asking about this reverse in Australia. She was confused as north is colder in the Northern hemisphere but warmer in the southern hemisphere. Should she switch directions? He said if pilots reversed south direction to the north we would be heading in the wrong direction. Instead of landing in Sydney they would fly us to Moscow. Flying north will land you in the north. Irrespective of where we stand on the globe the north is north and the south is south. A compass reading taken on either hemispheres measure s the earth magnetic field and not temperatures or climate.

In the early days of the controversy I used to wait for a cockpit announcement: “Ladies and Gentlemen we are now heading Down Under. We are changing our compass”. The words would delight the exponents of this north south theory. However Darwin is still in the Northern Territories while Adelaide is still in South Australia. Earth magnetic forces unite both hemispheres.

Much of the art of Feng Shui demands good judgement and interpretation. Experienced masters do not subscribe to the theory of reversing the traditional Ba Gua. When we have models to emulate, it helps to “know what to do and how best to do it.” With such controversies, practitioners’ solutions and recommendations can ultimately affect other people’s destinies and lives. (I have taken a leaf from my masters’ books which remind me not to cause harm with what I have learnt). The claim that change is needed will only hold water after their new theories are well tested and result-proven. By then the title of a master will be befitting and well earned. The interesting question is who will bestow the title as lineage is of paramount importance in the Feng Shui world?

Opposing the difference

The Internet has many articles debating the issue. Ray Harris’ website debunked the theory. The article Goin’ South by Cate Bramble can be found at http://www.qi-whiz.com/
In it she says: “On the terms of their own argument, Southern Hemisphere School theories do not apply to an entire hemisphere. Seasonal associations of the Later Heaven Sequence are secondary, arbitrary, and coincidental only for northern temperate zones.

The primary reference point is magnetic and cosmic north, which is valid for the entire Earth. This is the position held by traditional Feng Shui practitioners. It is not valid to change an ancient system based solely on propositions built from secondary characteristics that exclude primary causes.

Published with the permission of Ms. Siou-Foon Lee
 
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